Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Novel Molecular Pathways Elicited by Mutant FGFR2 May Account for Brain Abnormalities in Apert Syndrome

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060439

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Validation of differentially expressed genes showing the correlation between fold-changes obtained from the Affymetrix microarray experiment and the fold-change values for each gene in each cell line. The correlations between the values of microarray and qRT-PCR fold-changes were calculated through Spearman correlation test. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of TCF19 (green) in two lineages of S252W fibroblasts not included in microarray experiment after 24 h treatment with PBS (control) or FGF2. Blue staining refers to nuclei (DAPI), magnification: 10×; scale bar = 500 µm. (C) Fold-change of the mRNA levels of BAT3 , BDP1 , CYP51A1 , RFC3 and TCF19 in FGF2 treated C342Y human fibroblasts and S252W human fibroblasts. Note that there was no TCF19 expression detected in C342Y human fibroblasts.

Article Snippet: After this period, control cells were treated with DMEM High-Glucose, 0.5% FBS and experimental cells were treated with DMEM High-Glucose, 0.5% FBS supplemented with recombinant human FGF2 (PeproTech, Rocky Hill, NJ, USA – diluted in 1× PBS –Phosphate Buffered Saline- to a final concentration of 2000 pM) or with DMEM High-Glucose, 0.5% FBS supplemented with 1×PBS.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Microarray, Quantitative RT-PCR, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Control, Expressing

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Adult Mammalian Forebrain Ependymal and Subependymal Cells Demonstrate Proliferative Potential, but only Subependymal Cells Have Neural Stem Cell Characteristics

doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.19-11-04462.1999

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. Ependymal spheres form in no exogenous growth factor, and subependy- mal spheres arise only in EGF or FGF2. The generation of spheres in FGF2 from tissue containing both the ependyma and subependyma exceeds the number of spheres generated by ependymal and sub- ependymal cultures separately (ependy- ma alone plus subependyma alone , ependyma with subependyma; p , 0.01). A similar, but nonsignificant, trend to in- creased spheres for the ependymal and subependymal cocultures is seen in EGF, as well. The increased numbers of spheres in cocultures can all be attributed to the generation of additional subependymal (larger, nonciliated) spheres.

Article Snippet: Growth factors were used at final concentrations of 10 ng/ml FGF2 (human recombinant; Upstate Biotechnology, Lake Placid, NY) and 2 mg/ml heparin (Upstate Biotechnology) or 20 ng/ml EGF (mouse submaxillary; Upstate Biotechnology).

Techniques: Generated

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Adult Mammalian Forebrain Ependymal and Subependymal Cells Demonstrate Proliferative Potential, but only Subependymal Cells Have Neural Stem Cell Characteristics

doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.19-11-04462.1999

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. Subependymal (A) and ependymal (B) spheres demonstrate distinct morphologies after 8 d in vitro. Ependymal spheres were small and measured ,100 mm in diameter compared with the larger (500– 1000 mm in diameter) spheres generated from sub- ependyma alone. One very obvious difference be- tween the ependymal spheres and the subependymal spheres was the fact that ependymal spheres were composed of ciliated cells, which caused the spheres to rotate in the cell culture media. C, A small number of nonsphere-forming ependymal cells derived from a primary dissection adhered to the culture plate and displayed an elongated, bipolar morphology in the presence of FGF2. Scale bars, 100 mm.

Article Snippet: Growth factors were used at final concentrations of 10 ng/ml FGF2 (human recombinant; Upstate Biotechnology, Lake Placid, NY) and 2 mg/ml heparin (Upstate Biotechnology) or 20 ng/ml EGF (mouse submaxillary; Upstate Biotechnology).

Techniques: In Vitro, Generated, Cell Culture, Derivative Assay, Dissection